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英語學(xué)習(xí)最基礎(chǔ)的就是詞匯量的積累,大量的詞匯積累是我們學(xué)習(xí)英語最重要的。小編為大家精心準(zhǔn)備了with的用法,歡迎大家前來閱讀。
with的用法 篇1
with詞義
1.和……一起;由……陪同;有……在場
Would you like to go to the theatre with us?
你愿意和我們一齊去劇院看戲嗎?
The money is on the table with the shopping list.
錢和購物清單都在桌子上呢。
2.隨著
With time passing by, they have grown into big boys and girls.
隨著時(shí)光的流逝,他們都長成大小伙子和大姑娘了。
The shadows lengtheded with the approach of sunset.
隨著太陽下落,影子也逐漸伸長。
3.用(表示使用工具或器具)
It is easy to translate with a dictionary.
借助字典進(jìn)行翻譯就會(huì)很容易。
You can see it with a microscope.
用顯微鏡就能看見它了。
4.帶有(能夠作定語,也能夠表伴隨)
We need a person with a knowledge of European markets.
我們需要一個(gè)熟悉歐洲市場的人。
He looked at her with a hurt expression.
他帶著受傷的神情看著她。
5.因?yàn);由?/p>
The small child trembled with fear.
這小孩嚇得直打哆嗦。
It is very stuffy in the room, with all the windows closed.
由于窗戶都關(guān)著,屋子里十分悶。
6.盡管
With all her faults he still loves her.
盡管她有那么多缺點(diǎn),可他仍然愛著她。
7.用以表示方式、情景、環(huán)境或條件
I'll do it with pleasure.
我很高興做這件事。
She fell asleep with the light on.
她開著燈睡著了。
辨析
1.and 和with
兩者都有“和”的意思。and是連詞,with是介詞。當(dāng)and連接兩個(gè)主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞必須是復(fù)數(shù);而with要看“真正主語”的單復(fù)數(shù),也就是with前方的名詞。如:
Tom and his mother often _________(go) shopping on weekends.
Tom with his mother often _________(go) shopping on weekends.
and連接兩個(gè)主語,Tom和媽媽,兩個(gè)人肯定是復(fù)數(shù),所以要用動(dòng)詞原形go; with 要看前方的主語,是Tom一個(gè)人,所以要用單數(shù)goes
2.as和with
兩者都有“因?yàn)椤薄半S著”的意思。不管什么意思,兩者的核心區(qū)別就在于:as要接從句;with只接短語
With our teacher ing, the class bee silent.
As our teacher es, the class bee silent.
with結(jié)構(gòu)的構(gòu)成
它是由介詞with或without+復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)成,復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作介詞with或without的復(fù)合賓語,復(fù)合賓語中第一部分賓語由名詞或代詞充當(dāng),第二部分補(bǔ)足語由形容詞、副詞、介詞短語、動(dòng)詞不定式或分詞充當(dāng),分詞能夠是此刻分詞,也能夠是過去分詞。
With結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)成方式如下:
1. with或without-名詞代詞+形容詞;
2. with或without-名詞代詞+副詞;
3. with或without-名詞代詞+介詞短語;
4. with或without-名詞代詞 +動(dòng)詞不定式;
5. with或without-名詞代詞 +分詞。
下頭分別舉例:
1.with+名詞+形容詞,作伴隨狀語
She came into the room,with her nose red because of cold.
2.with+名詞+副詞,作時(shí)光狀語
With the meal over , we all went home.
3.with+名詞+介詞短語,作伴隨狀語
The teacher entered the classroom with a book in his hand.
4.with+名詞+不定式,作伴隨狀語
He lay in the dark empty house,with not a man ,woman or child to say he was kind to me.
5.without+代詞 +不定式,作條件狀語
He could not finish it without me to help him.
6.with+名詞+此刻分詞,作伴隨狀語
She fell asleep with the light burning.
with結(jié)構(gòu)是許多英語復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中最常用的一種。學(xué)好它對學(xué)好復(fù)合賓語結(jié)構(gòu)、不定式復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)、動(dòng)名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)和獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)均能起很重要的作用。本文就此的構(gòu)成、特點(diǎn)及用法等作一較全面闡述,以幫忙同學(xué)們掌握這一重要的語法知識(shí)。
with結(jié)構(gòu)的用法
with是介詞,其意義頗多,一時(shí)難掌握。為幫忙大家理清頭緒,以教材中的句子為例,進(jìn)行分類,并配以簡單的解釋。在句子中with結(jié)構(gòu)多數(shù)充當(dāng)狀語,表示行為方式,伴隨情景、時(shí)光、原因或條件(詳見上述例句)。
1. 帶著,牽著…… (表動(dòng)作特征)。如:
Run with the kite like this.
2. 附加、附帶著……(表事物特征)。如:
A glass of apple juice, two glasses of coke, two hamburgers with potato chips, rice and fish.
3. 和…… (某人)一齊。
(1)跟某人一齊(居住、吃、喝、玩、交談……) 。如:
Now I am in China with my parents.
Sometimes we go out to eat with our friends.
He She's talking with a friend.
。2)跟go, e 連用,有 "加入"到某方的意思。如:
Do you want to e with me?
4. 和play一齊構(gòu)成短語動(dòng)詞play with 意為"玩!媾" 。如:
Two boys are playing with their yo-yos.
5. 與help 一齊構(gòu)成 help...with...句式,意為"幫忙 (某人) 做 (某事)"。如:
On Monday and Wednesday, he helps his friends with theirEnglish.
6. 表示面部神情,有“含著……,帶著……” 。如:
"I'm late for school," said Sun Yang, with tears in his eyes.
7. 表示 "用……"。 如:
What do the farmers do with your machines?
8. 表示 "對……, 關(guān)于……"。如:
There's something wrong with my puter.
with結(jié)構(gòu)的特點(diǎn)
1. with結(jié)構(gòu)由介詞with或without+復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)成。
復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中第一部分與第二部分語法上是賓語和賓語補(bǔ)足語關(guān)系,而在邏輯上,卻具有主謂關(guān)系,也就是說,能夠用第一部分作主語,第二部分作謂語,構(gòu)成一個(gè)句子。如:
With him taken care of,we felt quite relieved.→(He was taken good care of.)
She fell asleep with thelight burning. →(The light was burning.)
With her hair gone,there could be no use for them. →(Her hair was gone.)
2. 在with結(jié)構(gòu)中,第一部分為人稱代詞時(shí),則該用賓格代詞。如:
He could not finish it without me to helphim.
幾點(diǎn)重要考點(diǎn)說明
1. with結(jié)構(gòu)在句子中的位置:
(1)with 結(jié)構(gòu)在句中作狀語,表示時(shí)光、條件、原因時(shí)一般放在句子前面,并用逗號與句子分開;
。2)表示方式和伴隨狀況時(shí)一般放在句子后面,不用逗號分開;
。3)若with結(jié)構(gòu)作定語,則放在所修飾的名詞之后,一般不用逗號隔開。
2. with結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語時(shí),不定式、此刻分詞、和過去分詞的區(qū)別:
在with結(jié)構(gòu)中,不定式、此刻分詞作賓補(bǔ),表示主動(dòng),可是不定式表示將要發(fā)生的'動(dòng)作,而此刻分詞表示正在發(fā)生或發(fā)生了的動(dòng)作;過去分詞表示被動(dòng)或完成。如:
With the boy leading the way,we found he house easily.(小男孩已領(lǐng)過路)
With the boy to lead the way,we will find the house easily tomorrow.(小男孩明天將領(lǐng)路)
He lay on the bed with the bedroom door shut.(寢室被關(guān)著)
3. with結(jié)構(gòu)與一般的with短語的區(qū)別:
。1)with結(jié)構(gòu)具有上述功能和特點(diǎn),而"介詞with+名詞或代詞(組)"組成的一般的with短語在句子中能夠作定語和狀語;
(2)作狀語時(shí),它能表示動(dòng)作的方式、原因,但不能表示時(shí)光、伴隨和條件;
。3)在一般的with短語中,with后面所跟的不是復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu),也根本沒有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。
4. with結(jié)構(gòu)與獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的關(guān)系:
。1)with結(jié)構(gòu)屬于獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu),但在結(jié)構(gòu)上,with結(jié)構(gòu)由介詞with或without引導(dǎo),名詞前有冠詞、形容詞、所有格代詞或其它詞類所修飾,結(jié)構(gòu)較松散;
。2)而獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)沒有with或without引導(dǎo),結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)密,名詞前可用可不用修飾語。在句法功能上,with結(jié)構(gòu)能夠作定語,獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)則不能;
。3)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)通常在句中作狀語,但也能夠作主語,而with結(jié)構(gòu)則不能;
。4)獨(dú)立主格在口語中不常用,往往由一個(gè)從句代替,而with結(jié)構(gòu)較口語化,較常用。如:
There were rows of white houses with trees in front of them.("with+復(fù)合賓語"結(jié)構(gòu),在句中作定語)
A strong man working a whole day could not jump this high.(名詞+此刻分詞構(gòu)成的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu),作主語)
The boy said,turning to the man,his eyes opened wide and his hand raised.(獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu),表示伴隨狀況或行為方式,作狀語)
Then last night,I followed him here,and climbed in,sword in hand.(名詞+介詞短語構(gòu)成的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu),作狀語,表示伴隨情景)
with和and的用法區(qū)別
with
、偈墙樵~,后邊帶名詞、代詞或相當(dāng)于名詞、代詞的詞作賓語,with sb. sth.
②單數(shù)名詞作主語帶with時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞仍然是單數(shù),如:
LiPing with Tom often goes to the park.
③它的漢意是:“和…一齊,跟…一齊”“和…,跟…”“在…一邊,與…一致”“擁護(hù)…”“具有、帶有”“在…身上”表示使用工具.
and
①是并列連詞,并列同類的詞或表示對稱關(guān)系,并列詞與詞、詞組與詞組、句子與句子.
、趦蓚(gè)單數(shù)名詞用and連接作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù).
LiPing and Tom are students.
并列兩個(gè)不可數(shù)名詞(指不是同一種事物時(shí)),謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù).
Air and water are important to us.
③它的漢意 和、與、及、同、又、并; 強(qiáng)調(diào)連續(xù)反復(fù)
talk and talk
連兩比較級意為越來越.
More and morewith①是介詞,后邊帶名詞、代詞或相當(dāng)于名詞、代詞的詞作賓語,with sb. sth.
、趩螖(shù)名詞作主語帶with時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞仍然是單數(shù),如:
LiPing with Tom often goes to the park.
、鬯臐h意是:“和…一齊,跟…一齊”“和…,跟…”“在…一邊,與…一致”“擁護(hù)…”“具有、帶有”“在…身上”表示使用工具.
and①是并列連詞,并列同類的詞或表示對稱關(guān)系,并列詞與詞、詞組與詞組、句子與句子.
、趦蓚(gè)單數(shù)名詞用and連接作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù).
LiPing and Tom are students.
并列兩個(gè)不可數(shù)名詞(指不是同一種事物時(shí)),謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù).
Air and water are important to us.
、鬯臐h意 和、與、及、同、又、并; 強(qiáng)調(diào)連續(xù)反復(fù)
talk and talk
連兩比較級意為越來越.
More and more
with的用法 篇2
一、with或without+名詞/代詞+形容詞
例句:1.I like to sleep with the windows open.
我喜歡把窗戶開著睡覺。(伴隨情況)
2.With the weather so close and stuffy, ten to one it'll rain presently.
大氣這樣悶,十之_要下雨(原因狀語)
二、with或without+名詞/代詞+副詞
例句:1.She left the room with all the lights on.她離開了房間,燈還亮著。(伴隨情況)
2.The boy stood there with his head down.這個(gè)男孩低頭站在那兒。(伴隨情況)
三、with或without+名詞/代詞+介詞短語
例句:1.He walked into the dark street with a stick in his hand.
他走進(jìn)黑暗的街道時(shí)手里拿著根棍子。(伴隨情況)
2. With the children at school, we can't take our vacation when we want to.
由于孩子們在上學(xué),所以當(dāng)我們想度假時(shí)而不能去度假。(原因狀語)
四、with或without+名詞/代詞+非謂語動(dòng)詞
1、with或without+名詞/代詞+動(dòng)詞不定式,此時(shí),不定式表示將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。
例句: 1.With no one to talk to, John felt miserable.由于沒人可以說話的人,約翰感到很悲哀。(原因狀語)
2. With a lot of work to do, he wasn't allowed to go out.
因?yàn)檫有很多工作要做,他沒有被允許外出。(原因狀語)
2、with +名詞(或代詞) +現(xiàn)在分詞,此時(shí),現(xiàn)在分詞和前面的名詞或代詞是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。
例句: 1.With prices going up so fast, we can't afford luxuries.
由于物價(jià)上漲很快,我們買不起高檔商品。(原因狀語)
2. With the crowds cheering, they drove to the palace.
在人群的'歡呼聲中,他們驅(qū)車來到皇宮。(伴隨情況)
3、with +名詞(或代詞) +過去分詞,此時(shí),過去分詞和前面的名詞或代詞是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。
例句: 1.I sat in my room for a few minutes with my eyes fixed on the ceiling.
我在房間坐了一會(huì)兒,眼睛盯著天花板。(伴隨情況)
2.She had to walk home with her bike stolen.
自行車被偷,她只好步行回家。(原因狀語)
五、with或without+名詞/代詞+補(bǔ)語
例句:1.Possibly this person died without anyone knowing where the coins were hidden.
有可能,這個(gè)人死的時(shí)候還沒有人知道那些錢幣被藏在哪里。
2.He wondered if he could slide out of the lecture hall without anyone noticing (him).
他想他是否可以在沒有人注意到他的情況下悄悄溜出演講大廳
3、with the winter coming
隨著冬天的來臨
with+不定式和+分詞的區(qū)別:加不定式是指將要進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,加分詞是指主動(dòng)或被動(dòng)動(dòng)作.
六、with +賓語(名詞,代詞)+名詞例句:1.He died with his daughter a schoolgirl他在他女兒是個(gè)小學(xué)生的時(shí)候死了.
with的用法 篇3
1、詞性不同。with是介詞,而and是連詞。
2、在句子中的作用不同。 and連接的詞屬于并列成分,A and B中,A B是平行的而WITH和后面的詞構(gòu)成“介詞+賓語”的結(jié)構(gòu)A with B中,A B是不平行的',A是主要成分,with B則是個(gè)附屬成分。
3、含義不同。with除了“和”之外還表示帶有的意思,而and只表示是“和”的意思。
with的用法 篇4
1.表示方式、手段或工具等時(shí)(=以,用),如:with a car用卡車
2.與某些抽象名詞連用時(shí),其作用相當(dāng)于一個(gè)副詞.如:with care=carefully認(rèn)真地with kindness=kindly親切地
3.表示條件時(shí),根據(jù)情況可與虛擬語氣連用.
如:With more money I would be able to buy it.
要是錢多一點(diǎn),我就買得起了.
With better equipment, we could have finished the job even sooner.
要是設(shè)備好些,我們完成這項(xiàng)工作還要快些.
4.比較with和as:兩者均可表示“隨著”,但前者是介詞,后接名詞或代詞;后者是連詞,用于引導(dǎo)一個(gè)句子.
比較:He will improve as he grows older.
隨著年齡的增長,他會(huì)進(jìn)步的'
People’s ideas change with the change of the times.
時(shí)代變了,人們的觀念也會(huì)變化.
5.復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)“with+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語”是一個(gè)很有用的結(jié)構(gòu),它在句中主要用作狀語,表示伴隨、原因、時(shí)間、條件、方式等;其中的賓語補(bǔ)足語可以是名詞、形容詞、副詞、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞、不定式、介詞短語等.
如:(1) with+賓語+形容詞
He often sleeps with the windows open.
他常開著窗睡覺.
Don’t speak with your mouth full.
不要滿嘴巴食物說話.
(2) with+賓語+副詞
He stood before his teacher with his head down.
他低著頭,站在老師面前.
He was lying on the bed with all his clothes on.
他和衣躺在床上.
(3) with +賓語+介詞短語
She said good-bye with tears in her eyes.
她含著眼淚說了聲再見.
The man was asleep with his head on his arms.
這個(gè)人頭枕著胳膊睡著了.
(4) with+賓語+現(xiàn)在分詞
He fell asleep with the lamp burning.
他沒熄燈就睡著了.
I won’t be able to go on holiday with my mother being ill.
因?yàn)閶寢層胁?我無法去度假.
(5) with +賓語+過去分詞He sat there with his eyes closed.
他閉目坐在那兒.
All the afternoon he worked with the door locked.
整個(gè)下午他都鎖著門在房里工作.
(6) with +賓語+動(dòng)詞不定式
I can’t go out with all these clothes to wash.
要洗這些衣服,我無法出去了.
With such good cadres to carry out the Party’s policy we feel safe.
有這樣的好干部執(zhí)行黨的政策,我們感到放心.
(7) with +賓語+名詞
He died with his daughter yet a schoolgirl.
他去世時(shí),女兒還是個(gè)小學(xué)生.
with的用法 篇5
一、with結(jié)構(gòu)作定語,修飾前面的名詞(可以是緊跟的名詞,也可以是不緊跟的名詞,)作定語,帶有.....的特征。
1、 with結(jié)構(gòu)修飾名詞,with作后置定語,不緊跟前面名詞的情況。
例,Bihar is India's poorest state, with an annual per capita income of $111, lower than that of the mostimpoverished countries of the world.
with結(jié)構(gòu)修飾Bihar
2、with結(jié)構(gòu)修飾名詞,緊跟名詞的情況。
例,Under the restructuring, the huge organization that operates the company's basic businesses will be divided into
five groups, each with its own executive.with結(jié)構(gòu)修飾each (group)
二、作原因狀語,解釋為,由于,因?yàn)椤?/strong>
例,With total sales of less than three hundred dollars and fewer new subscribers than last year, the New England
Theatre Company is in danger of losing its building.
三、作伴隨或結(jié)果狀語,表示伴隨的情況或結(jié)果。
1、with作伴隨狀語
曼哈頓論壇Ron對with作伴隨狀語的'解釋:
It appears that "with" may be used with a present participle (-ING form) to represent
circumstances that are contemporaneous with the action described in the main clause
大意是,with引導(dǎo)的狀語,與主句動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。
四、【表示使用的工具,手段】用,以,借,在……的幫助下。語法作用:修飾動(dòng)詞。
with解釋為,在……的幫助下。修飾動(dòng)詞producing
Dolphins lack vocal cords, but they do create sounds, producing a complicated system of whistles, squeaks, moans, trills and clicks with sphincter muscles inside the blowhole.
海豚缺少聲帶。但是它們確實(shí)能產(chǎn)生聲音,在噴水孔內(nèi)部的括約肌的幫助下,產(chǎn)生一系列復(fù)雜的由汽笛聲,吱吱聲,呻吟聲,顫音,和咔噠聲組成的復(fù)雜聲音系統(tǒng)。
with解釋為,用……,修飾動(dòng)詞portray
George Sand was one of the first European writers to consider the rural poor
legitimate subjects for literature and to portray them with sympathy and respect in her novels.
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